Questões de Concurso
Comentadas sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês
Foram encontradas 8.692 questões
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Itame
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Novo Gama - GO
Prova:
Itame - 2023 - Prefeitura de Novo Gama - GO - Professor - Inglês |
Q2345007
Inglês
According to Block (1992), there is now no more
debate on "whether reading is a bottom-up, languagebased process or a top-down, knowledge-based
process." It is also no more problematic to accept the
influence of background knowledge on both L1 and L2
readers. Research has gone even further to define the
control readers execute on their ability to understand a
text.
This control, Block (1992) has referred to as
This control, Block (1992) has referred to as
Ano: 2023
Banca:
Itame
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Novo Gama - GO
Prova:
Itame - 2023 - Prefeitura de Novo Gama - GO - Professor - Inglês |
Q2345004
Inglês
“Conceiving language as a social construction, the
subject “interprets”, “reinvents” the meanings in a
situated way, creating ways of identifying and
expressing ideas, feelings and values. In this sense, a language that materializes in hybrid uses, marked by
fluidity and that opens up to the invention of new ways
of saying, driven by pluri/multilingual speakers and
their multicultural characteristics – the English
language becomes a symbolic asset for speakers from
all over the world.”
This implication of the National Common Curricular Base concerns (BNCC):
This implication of the National Common Curricular Base concerns (BNCC):
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP - Professor II - Inglês |
Q2344911
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text IV and answer the question that follow it
Text IV
Teaching Reading Strategies
No matter what we are reading there are effective reading
strategies we call on in order to make meaning from the text. Many
of these strategies can be taught with comics and graphic novels.
The ones highlighted below are particularly important when
reading graphic texts.
Drawing Inferences
In comics and graphic novels, perhaps more than any other text,
readers must build understanding by filling in gaps. A whole world
of information is left in the gutter between the panels. The comic
artist expects the reader to infer the action that takes place off the
page. The more complex and sophisticated the comic, the more
important this strategy becomes. If the reader is not making
inferences, he is lost. Understanding this strategy and using it
effectively will help students read ’between the lines’ in more
traditional print narratives.
Visualization
Students who struggle with reading may not understand what
should be going on in the reader’s imagination during reading.
With comics and other visual texts, the images are there for the
reader. Through comics students can be taught how to create their
own mental images when reading more traditional texts.
It is important that students understand the visual cues that are
provided in the text. Although the words and images work
together to tell the story, comics are primarily visual narratives.
Therefore readers must draw on and integrate some important
background knowledge and understandings about visual texts,
comic elements and narrative structures in order to make
meaning. The more knowledge readers have about the way visual
texts work, the more successful they are likely to be.
Adapted from https://www.literacytoday.ca/home/reading/readingstrategies/reading-visual-texts/reading-comics
In the 3rd paragraph, “Students who struggle” are those who:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP - Professor II - Inglês |
Q2344908
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text IV and answer the question that follow it
Text IV
Teaching Reading Strategies
No matter what we are reading there are effective reading
strategies we call on in order to make meaning from the text. Many
of these strategies can be taught with comics and graphic novels.
The ones highlighted below are particularly important when
reading graphic texts.
Drawing Inferences
In comics and graphic novels, perhaps more than any other text,
readers must build understanding by filling in gaps. A whole world
of information is left in the gutter between the panels. The comic
artist expects the reader to infer the action that takes place off the
page. The more complex and sophisticated the comic, the more
important this strategy becomes. If the reader is not making
inferences, he is lost. Understanding this strategy and using it
effectively will help students read ’between the lines’ in more
traditional print narratives.
Visualization
Students who struggle with reading may not understand what
should be going on in the reader’s imagination during reading.
With comics and other visual texts, the images are there for the
reader. Through comics students can be taught how to create their
own mental images when reading more traditional texts.
It is important that students understand the visual cues that are
provided in the text. Although the words and images work
together to tell the story, comics are primarily visual narratives.
Therefore readers must draw on and integrate some important
background knowledge and understandings about visual texts,
comic elements and narrative structures in order to make
meaning. The more knowledge readers have about the way visual
texts work, the more successful they are likely to be.
Adapted from https://www.literacytoday.ca/home/reading/readingstrategies/reading-visual-texts/reading-comics
The structure of the sentence “The more complex and
sophisticated the comic, the more important this strategy
becomes” (2nd paragraph) shows a:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP - Professor II - Inglês |
Q2344907
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text IV and answer the question that follow it
Text IV
Teaching Reading Strategies
No matter what we are reading there are effective reading
strategies we call on in order to make meaning from the text. Many
of these strategies can be taught with comics and graphic novels.
The ones highlighted below are particularly important when
reading graphic texts.
Drawing Inferences
In comics and graphic novels, perhaps more than any other text,
readers must build understanding by filling in gaps. A whole world
of information is left in the gutter between the panels. The comic
artist expects the reader to infer the action that takes place off the
page. The more complex and sophisticated the comic, the more
important this strategy becomes. If the reader is not making
inferences, he is lost. Understanding this strategy and using it
effectively will help students read ’between the lines’ in more
traditional print narratives.
Visualization
Students who struggle with reading may not understand what
should be going on in the reader’s imagination during reading.
With comics and other visual texts, the images are there for the
reader. Through comics students can be taught how to create their
own mental images when reading more traditional texts.
It is important that students understand the visual cues that are
provided in the text. Although the words and images work
together to tell the story, comics are primarily visual narratives.
Therefore readers must draw on and integrate some important
background knowledge and understandings about visual texts,
comic elements and narrative structures in order to make
meaning. The more knowledge readers have about the way visual
texts work, the more successful they are likely to be.
Adapted from https://www.literacytoday.ca/home/reading/readingstrategies/reading-visual-texts/reading-comics
When an action “takes place” (2nd paragraph), it:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP - Professor II - Inglês |
Q2344906
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text IV and answer the question that follow it
Text IV
Teaching Reading Strategies
No matter what we are reading there are effective reading
strategies we call on in order to make meaning from the text. Many
of these strategies can be taught with comics and graphic novels.
The ones highlighted below are particularly important when
reading graphic texts.
Drawing Inferences
In comics and graphic novels, perhaps more than any other text,
readers must build understanding by filling in gaps. A whole world
of information is left in the gutter between the panels. The comic
artist expects the reader to infer the action that takes place off the
page. The more complex and sophisticated the comic, the more
important this strategy becomes. If the reader is not making
inferences, he is lost. Understanding this strategy and using it
effectively will help students read ’between the lines’ in more
traditional print narratives.
Visualization
Students who struggle with reading may not understand what
should be going on in the reader’s imagination during reading.
With comics and other visual texts, the images are there for the
reader. Through comics students can be taught how to create their
own mental images when reading more traditional texts.
It is important that students understand the visual cues that are
provided in the text. Although the words and images work
together to tell the story, comics are primarily visual narratives.
Therefore readers must draw on and integrate some important
background knowledge and understandings about visual texts,
comic elements and narrative structures in order to make
meaning. The more knowledge readers have about the way visual
texts work, the more successful they are likely to be.
Adapted from https://www.literacytoday.ca/home/reading/readingstrategies/reading-visual-texts/reading-comics
In the excerpt “readers must build ”(2nd paragraph) one can
infer a:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP - Professor II - Inglês |
Q2344902
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text IV and answer the question that follow it
Text IV
Teaching Reading Strategies
No matter what we are reading there are effective reading
strategies we call on in order to make meaning from the text. Many
of these strategies can be taught with comics and graphic novels.
The ones highlighted below are particularly important when
reading graphic texts.
Drawing Inferences
In comics and graphic novels, perhaps more than any other text,
readers must build understanding by filling in gaps. A whole world
of information is left in the gutter between the panels. The comic
artist expects the reader to infer the action that takes place off the
page. The more complex and sophisticated the comic, the more
important this strategy becomes. If the reader is not making
inferences, he is lost. Understanding this strategy and using it
effectively will help students read ’between the lines’ in more
traditional print narratives.
Visualization
Students who struggle with reading may not understand what
should be going on in the reader’s imagination during reading.
With comics and other visual texts, the images are there for the
reader. Through comics students can be taught how to create their
own mental images when reading more traditional texts.
It is important that students understand the visual cues that are
provided in the text. Although the words and images work
together to tell the story, comics are primarily visual narratives.
Therefore readers must draw on and integrate some important
background knowledge and understandings about visual texts,
comic elements and narrative structures in order to make
meaning. The more knowledge readers have about the way visual
texts work, the more successful they are likely to be.
Adapted from https://www.literacytoday.ca/home/reading/readingstrategies/reading-visual-texts/reading-comics
Based on the text, mark the statements below as TRUE (T) or FALSE
(F).
( ) This text aims at helping teachers improve their practice.
( ) When reading comics, one should read only the words written on the page.
( ) Visual cues are irrelevant when teaching reading to students.
The statements are, respectively:
( ) This text aims at helping teachers improve their practice.
( ) When reading comics, one should read only the words written on the page.
( ) Visual cues are irrelevant when teaching reading to students.
The statements are, respectively:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP - Professor II - Inglês |
Q2344889
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text I and answer the question that follow it:
Text I
Multimodality in the English language classroom:
A systematic review of literature
Literacy in the 21st century is now no longer regarded simply
as the ability to use a language competently in a mono-cultural
setting. Literacy today involves students knowing how to navigate
across an increasingly complex communication landscape and to
negotiate a range of contexts and patterns of intercultural
meanings as well as the prevalence of multimodal texts.
Contemporary communication environment is characterised
by multimodal meaning-making, that is the “multiplicities of media
and modes”, as well as “increasing local diversity and global
connectedness” (New London Group, 1996, p. 62) which
necessitates a shift in the pedagogical approaches that are
adopted by teachers. This is especially so in the digital age where
a sole focus on language in literacy is no longer sufficient for the
new workplace given that a revised sense of ‘competence’ is
required. The recognition of social diversity also demands
pedagogical approaches that engage with the transcultural and
multicultural classroom. Issues of the day such as fake news and
social justice concerns also need to be addressed in the literacy
classroom.
Multimodality focuses on understanding how semiotic
resources (visual, gestural, spatial, linguistic, and others) work and
are organised. Multimodality in education adopts an expanded
view of literacy to include the range of multimodal communicative
practices which young people are involved in today's digital age.
Multimodal pedagogies refer to the ways in which the teacher can
design learning experiences using a range of multimodal
resources. It involves teachers making design choices in the ways
in which the curriculum content is expressed, arranged, and sequenced multimodally. Multimodal pedagogies also involve
designing opportunities for students to explore and perform ideas
and identities using a range of meaning-making resources. The
teaching and learning activities often involve drawing from the
students’ funds of knowledge and their lifeworld. With multimodal
pedagogies, teachers orchestrate the learning process by weaving
together a series of knowledge representations into a cohesive
tapestry and in so doing make apt selection of meaning-making
resources to design the students’ learning experience.
Adapted from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science
/article/abs/pii/S0898589822000365
The figure of speech that the excerpt “by weaving together a series
of knowledge representations into a cohesive tapestry”
(3rd paragraph) offers is a(n):
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP - Professor II - Inglês |
Q2344883
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text I and answer the question that follow it:
Text I
Multimodality in the English language classroom:
A systematic review of literature
Literacy in the 21st century is now no longer regarded simply
as the ability to use a language competently in a mono-cultural
setting. Literacy today involves students knowing how to navigate
across an increasingly complex communication landscape and to
negotiate a range of contexts and patterns of intercultural
meanings as well as the prevalence of multimodal texts.
Contemporary communication environment is characterised
by multimodal meaning-making, that is the “multiplicities of media
and modes”, as well as “increasing local diversity and global
connectedness” (New London Group, 1996, p. 62) which
necessitates a shift in the pedagogical approaches that are
adopted by teachers. This is especially so in the digital age where
a sole focus on language in literacy is no longer sufficient for the
new workplace given that a revised sense of ‘competence’ is
required. The recognition of social diversity also demands
pedagogical approaches that engage with the transcultural and
multicultural classroom. Issues of the day such as fake news and
social justice concerns also need to be addressed in the literacy
classroom.
Multimodality focuses on understanding how semiotic
resources (visual, gestural, spatial, linguistic, and others) work and
are organised. Multimodality in education adopts an expanded
view of literacy to include the range of multimodal communicative
practices which young people are involved in today's digital age.
Multimodal pedagogies refer to the ways in which the teacher can
design learning experiences using a range of multimodal
resources. It involves teachers making design choices in the ways
in which the curriculum content is expressed, arranged, and sequenced multimodally. Multimodal pedagogies also involve
designing opportunities for students to explore and perform ideas
and identities using a range of meaning-making resources. The
teaching and learning activities often involve drawing from the
students’ funds of knowledge and their lifeworld. With multimodal
pedagogies, teachers orchestrate the learning process by weaving
together a series of knowledge representations into a cohesive
tapestry and in so doing make apt selection of meaning-making
resources to design the students’ learning experience.
Adapted from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science
/article/abs/pii/S0898589822000365
Analyse the assertions below based on Text I:
I. The digital age has been demanding changes to curriculum content.
II. In a multimodal approach, teachers bear in mind students’ identities.
III. Teachers should prevent students from bringing world knowledge into the classroom.
Choose the correct answer:
I. The digital age has been demanding changes to curriculum content.
II. In a multimodal approach, teachers bear in mind students’ identities.
III. Teachers should prevent students from bringing world knowledge into the classroom.
Choose the correct answer:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP - Professor II - Inglês |
Q2344882
Inglês
Texto associado
Read Text I and answer the question that follow it:
Text I
Multimodality in the English language classroom:
A systematic review of literature
Literacy in the 21st century is now no longer regarded simply
as the ability to use a language competently in a mono-cultural
setting. Literacy today involves students knowing how to navigate
across an increasingly complex communication landscape and to
negotiate a range of contexts and patterns of intercultural
meanings as well as the prevalence of multimodal texts.
Contemporary communication environment is characterised
by multimodal meaning-making, that is the “multiplicities of media
and modes”, as well as “increasing local diversity and global
connectedness” (New London Group, 1996, p. 62) which
necessitates a shift in the pedagogical approaches that are
adopted by teachers. This is especially so in the digital age where
a sole focus on language in literacy is no longer sufficient for the
new workplace given that a revised sense of ‘competence’ is
required. The recognition of social diversity also demands
pedagogical approaches that engage with the transcultural and
multicultural classroom. Issues of the day such as fake news and
social justice concerns also need to be addressed in the literacy
classroom.
Multimodality focuses on understanding how semiotic
resources (visual, gestural, spatial, linguistic, and others) work and
are organised. Multimodality in education adopts an expanded
view of literacy to include the range of multimodal communicative
practices which young people are involved in today's digital age.
Multimodal pedagogies refer to the ways in which the teacher can
design learning experiences using a range of multimodal
resources. It involves teachers making design choices in the ways
in which the curriculum content is expressed, arranged, and sequenced multimodally. Multimodal pedagogies also involve
designing opportunities for students to explore and perform ideas
and identities using a range of meaning-making resources. The
teaching and learning activities often involve drawing from the
students’ funds of knowledge and their lifeworld. With multimodal
pedagogies, teachers orchestrate the learning process by weaving
together a series of knowledge representations into a cohesive
tapestry and in so doing make apt selection of meaning-making
resources to design the students’ learning experience.
Adapted from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science
/article/abs/pii/S0898589822000365
Based on Text I, mark the statements below as TRUE (T) or
FALSE (F).
( ) The concept of literacy has become more complex over time.
( ) In today’s literacy classroom, the issue of fake news is to be avoided.
( ) Multimodal communicative practices aim at targets beyond language learning.
The statements are, respectively,
( ) The concept of literacy has become more complex over time.
( ) In today’s literacy classroom, the issue of fake news is to be avoided.
( ) Multimodal communicative practices aim at targets beyond language learning.
The statements are, respectively,
Ano: 2023
Banca:
OBJETIVA
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Capela de Santana - RS
Prova:
OBJETIVA - 2023 - Prefeitura de Capela de Santana - RS - Professo - Séries Finais - Inglês |
Q2343035
Inglês
Read the paragraph below and check the CORRECT item:
Australia’s first people—known as Aboriginal Australians— have lived on the continent for over 50,000 years. Diverse and culturally distinctive, they are represented by more than 250 distinct language groups spread throughout Australia. About 3 percent of Australia’s population has Aboriginal heritage. But the origins, and fate, of Australia’s native peoples are still the subject of heated debates—ranging from social disparities to legal representation, and even whether their genocide can really be considered a genocide.
(Source: National Geographic — adaptation.)
Australia’s first people—known as Aboriginal Australians— have lived on the continent for over 50,000 years. Diverse and culturally distinctive, they are represented by more than 250 distinct language groups spread throughout Australia. About 3 percent of Australia’s population has Aboriginal heritage. But the origins, and fate, of Australia’s native peoples are still the subject of heated debates—ranging from social disparities to legal representation, and even whether their genocide can really be considered a genocide.
(Source: National Geographic — adaptation.)
Ano: 2023
Banca:
IV - UFG
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Cidade Ocidental - GO
Prova:
CS-UFG - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cidade Ocidental - GO - Professor Nível III - Inglês Conversação |
Q2342566
Inglês
In the sentence “The Eiffel Tower is taller than the Statue of
Liberty”, what type of comparison is being made?
Ano: 2023
Banca:
IV - UFG
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Cidade Ocidental - GO
Prova:
CS-UFG - 2023 - Prefeitura de Cidade Ocidental - GO - Professor Nível III - Inglês Conversação |
Q2342553
Inglês
Read the following text.
My teacher’s cell phone
Heard a beeping sound Followed by a very old Frank Sinatra’s song My classmates’ heads turned Who’s phone? who’s phone? Less chaotic when the teacher glared Everybody put their heads down And checked their sophisticated mobile phones Once again... When the teacher wasn’t looking... Mobile phones roamed in a dull classroom Updating facebook status, Uploading candid photos of a snoring friend Copy pasting assignment Text messaging and gossiping about their stern looking teacher In the name of advanced technology Mobile smartphones create the impossibles... Beyond the blackboard and the four walls of the classroom O o Frank Sinatra’s song again... And everybody started looking... The teacher grabbed her mobile phone Tried to switch it off... When students could own smartphones... Who needs NOKIA from the old time zone...?
Disponível em: <https://hellopoetry.com/words/classroom/>. Acesso em: 02 out. 2023.
Based on the poem “My teacher’s cell phone”, what is the central theme or message conveyed by the poem?
My teacher’s cell phone
Heard a beeping sound Followed by a very old Frank Sinatra’s song My classmates’ heads turned Who’s phone? who’s phone? Less chaotic when the teacher glared Everybody put their heads down And checked their sophisticated mobile phones Once again... When the teacher wasn’t looking... Mobile phones roamed in a dull classroom Updating facebook status, Uploading candid photos of a snoring friend Copy pasting assignment Text messaging and gossiping about their stern looking teacher In the name of advanced technology Mobile smartphones create the impossibles... Beyond the blackboard and the four walls of the classroom O o Frank Sinatra’s song again... And everybody started looking... The teacher grabbed her mobile phone Tried to switch it off... When students could own smartphones... Who needs NOKIA from the old time zone...?
Disponível em: <https://hellopoetry.com/words/classroom/>. Acesso em: 02 out. 2023.
Based on the poem “My teacher’s cell phone”, what is the central theme or message conveyed by the poem?
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
TC-DF
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TC-DF - Auditor de Controle Externo – Área Especializada – Especialidade Tecnologia da Informação – Orientação Sistemas de TI |
Q2341043
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1A1-II
Brazil’s first scientific expedition to the Arctic aims to
explore the biodiversity of one of the planet’s coldest territories,
learn more about its ecological importance and its role in global
climate change, and contribute to its preservation.
The Brazilian team of scientists from the University of Brasília
and the Federal University of Minas Gerais has been in the
Svalbard archipelago—a section of the Arctic Circle that belongs
to Norway—since July 8.
According to the expert, research in the region is crucial in
monitoring relevant developments in Brazil as well as worldwide.
“What happens here in the Arctic affects Brazil, so we should
have the right to speak and vote, which is not happening.”
Brazil is the only among the ten largest global economies
without a voice on issues related to the region. Therefore,
Brazil’s scientific presence in the Arctic—a region covering
more than 16 million square kilometers—can prove significant
for the inclusion of the nation as an observer member of the
Arctic Council, the international cooperation body on
environmental strategies for the territory. The country should also
join the Svalbard Treaty, which not only recognizes Norway’s
sovereignty over the archipelago, but also grants access to the
area’s resources for signatory nations.
Internet: <agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br> (adapted).
According to text 1A1-II, judge the following item.
According to the text, the Arctic Circle today is a territory
controlled by Norway.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
TC-DF
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TC-DF - Auditor de Controle Externo – Área Especializada – Especialidade Tecnologia da Informação – Orientação Sistemas de TI |
Q2341041
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1A1-II
Brazil’s first scientific expedition to the Arctic aims to
explore the biodiversity of one of the planet’s coldest territories,
learn more about its ecological importance and its role in global
climate change, and contribute to its preservation.
The Brazilian team of scientists from the University of Brasília
and the Federal University of Minas Gerais has been in the
Svalbard archipelago—a section of the Arctic Circle that belongs
to Norway—since July 8.
According to the expert, research in the region is crucial in
monitoring relevant developments in Brazil as well as worldwide.
“What happens here in the Arctic affects Brazil, so we should
have the right to speak and vote, which is not happening.”
Brazil is the only among the ten largest global economies
without a voice on issues related to the region. Therefore,
Brazil’s scientific presence in the Arctic—a region covering
more than 16 million square kilometers—can prove significant
for the inclusion of the nation as an observer member of the
Arctic Council, the international cooperation body on
environmental strategies for the territory. The country should also
join the Svalbard Treaty, which not only recognizes Norway’s
sovereignty over the archipelago, but also grants access to the
area’s resources for signatory nations.
Internet: <agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br> (adapted).
According to text 1A1-II, judge the following item.
It is possible to infer from the text that only nations that are
members of the Arctic Council are allowed to sign the
Svalbard Treaty.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
TC-DF
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TC-DF - Auditor de Controle Externo – Área Especializada – Especialidade Tecnologia da Informação – Orientação Sistemas de TI |
Q2341036
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1A1-I
Hydrogen is viewed as a promising alternative to fossil
fuel, but the methods used to make it either generate too much
carbon dioxide or are too expensive. Rice University researchers
have found a way to harvest hydrogen from plastic waste using a
low-emission method that could more than pay for itself.
By comparison, “green” hydrogen ⎯ produced using
renewable energy sources to split water into its two component
elements ⎯ costs roughly US$ 5 for just over two pounds. Though
cheaper, most of the nearly 100 million tons of hydrogen used
globally in 2022 was derived from fossil fuels, its production
generating roughly 12 tons of carbon dioxide per ton of
hydrogen.
The researchers exposed plastic waste samples to rapid
flash Joule, bringing their temperature up to 3100 Kelvin.
“We demonstrated that we are able to recover up to 68% of that
atomic hydrogen as gas with a 94% purity,” Kevin Wyss said.
“I hope that this work will allow for the production of clean
hydrogen from waste plastics, possibly solving major
environmental problems like plastic pollution and the greenhouse
gas-intensive production of hydrogen by steam-methane
reforming.”
Internet: <news.rice.edu> (adapted).
Based on text 1A1-I, judge the following item.
It is correct to infer from text 1A1-I that researcher Kevin
Wyss is unenthusiastic about the potential of his work as a
possible solution for some environmental issues.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
TC-DF
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - TC-DF - Auditor de Controle Externo – Área Especializada – Especialidade Tecnologia da Informação – Orientação Sistemas de TI |
Q2341032
Inglês
Texto associado
Text 1A1-I
Hydrogen is viewed as a promising alternative to fossil
fuel, but the methods used to make it either generate too much
carbon dioxide or are too expensive. Rice University researchers
have found a way to harvest hydrogen from plastic waste using a
low-emission method that could more than pay for itself.
By comparison, “green” hydrogen ⎯ produced using
renewable energy sources to split water into its two component
elements ⎯ costs roughly US$ 5 for just over two pounds. Though
cheaper, most of the nearly 100 million tons of hydrogen used
globally in 2022 was derived from fossil fuels, its production
generating roughly 12 tons of carbon dioxide per ton of
hydrogen.
The researchers exposed plastic waste samples to rapid
flash Joule, bringing their temperature up to 3100 Kelvin.
“We demonstrated that we are able to recover up to 68% of that
atomic hydrogen as gas with a 94% purity,” Kevin Wyss said.
“I hope that this work will allow for the production of clean
hydrogen from waste plastics, possibly solving major
environmental problems like plastic pollution and the greenhouse
gas-intensive production of hydrogen by steam-methane
reforming.”
Internet: <news.rice.edu> (adapted).
Based on text 1A1-I, judge the following item.
One of the drawbacks about the current forms of extraction
of hydrogen as fuel is the elevated cost.
Ano: 2023
Banca:
SELECON
Órgão:
SEDUC-MT
Prova:
SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Inglesa |
Q2335658
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT:
How do people overcome fossilization and achieve nativelike fluency in second language acquisition?
There are a lot of common misconceptions about fossilization
and language development. It's impossible to correct all of them
in a post here, but I'll address a few that have been mentioned
below.
Fossilization is a stage at which a second language speaker
seems to cease making progress toward becoming more targetlike in his or her use of the language, so a "learning plateau" is a
reasonable analogy. The comparison wherein "the L2 learner has
his own linguistic system" that's still influenced by L1 and other
things is known as the "interlanguage." The question researchers
cannot conclusively answer is whether or not that "plateau" is
reversible after a certain point, be it age, fluency level, etc., in
order to start making progress again.
Different people are motivated by different things, which range
from need (to pass a test, to get a job, to watch movies without
subtitles, to make friends, etc.) to learning style (preferring to
study from texts, liking/disliking impromptu, small-talk with people
just to practice, preference for/against learning formal rules, and
aptitude). It is easy to remember verb conjugations. There is no
single formula.
Finding someone who can correct your errors tactfully and
effectively most certainly does not need to be demotivating,
depressing or draining whatsoever. I'm a very fluent non-native
speaker of Spanish, and I actively request that my native speaker
(NS) friends correct me when I make a mistake, or use a phrase
that sounds funny in their dialect, etc. How else will I learn?
It's fascinating to learn little details like that now after so many
years. As long as they don't do it in a mocking or condescending
way, or at a socially inappropriate time, why wouldn't I want their
help? Of course, if you correct a beginner every time they try to
utter a sentence, it could be discouraging - and obnoxious - but
everything in moderation.
One of the biggest cognitive challenges is whether or not L2
speakers can learn to consciously notice differences between
their L2 efforts and the way a NS talks. There are decades of
research on this (my own included) and I'll gladly give references
if anyone actually cares. Noticing falls into two broad categories.
First, the ability to "notice the gap," i.e. hear a NS say a
sentence and think, "Hmm, I understand what he meant but I've
never heard that word before; it must mean ___" or "I know what
he meant but it would not have occurred to me to say it that
way; I'll try to remember that for later." The second is the ability
to "notice the hole," i.e. when the L2 learner is trying to speak/
write and realizes that his "interlanguage" lacks a word, sound or
structure needed to accurately convey his own thought. If he can
seek the input necessary to fill the hole, he has a much stronger
chance of acquiring it. The thought processes involved during
that moment are holding the forms (or lack thereof) in working
memory, and the longer it stays there for further processing, the
greater the possibility that it is retained in long-term memory for
later use. The NS interlocutor can help promote noticing through
corrective feedback (also a subject of decades of research, for
which I'm also happy to provide resources if anyone is genuinely
interested.)
I have been using a variety of strategies for years as a language
coach when working with my clients, whether helping IT executives
from India and Egypt learn to write more grammatically accurate
e-mail or helping priests from Nigeria improve prosodic aspects
of their pronunciation (i.e. stress and intonation patterns.)
Each person is different. I have found no evidence to support
the argument that a person who has fossilized cannot begin to
make progress again toward a more target-like L2 use at least
in some areas, with the right motivation, input and effort. The
question is only about how much progress, in what areas, in
how much time, and through what methods.
Adapted form: https://www.quora.com/How-do-people-overcome-fossilization-andachieve-native-like-fluency-in-second-language-acquisition
Acesso em 22/09/2023
No trecho “Fossilization is a stage at which a second
language speaker seems to cease making progress toward
becoming more target-like in his or her use of the language…”,
os termos em destaque referem-se a:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
SELECON
Órgão:
SEDUC-MT
Prova:
SELECON - 2023 - SEDUC-MT - Professor da Educação Básica - Letras - Língua Inglesa |
Q2335657
Inglês
Texto associado
TEXT:
How do people overcome fossilization and achieve nativelike fluency in second language acquisition?
There are a lot of common misconceptions about fossilization
and language development. It's impossible to correct all of them
in a post here, but I'll address a few that have been mentioned
below.
Fossilization is a stage at which a second language speaker
seems to cease making progress toward becoming more targetlike in his or her use of the language, so a "learning plateau" is a
reasonable analogy. The comparison wherein "the L2 learner has
his own linguistic system" that's still influenced by L1 and other
things is known as the "interlanguage." The question researchers
cannot conclusively answer is whether or not that "plateau" is
reversible after a certain point, be it age, fluency level, etc., in
order to start making progress again.
Different people are motivated by different things, which range
from need (to pass a test, to get a job, to watch movies without
subtitles, to make friends, etc.) to learning style (preferring to
study from texts, liking/disliking impromptu, small-talk with people
just to practice, preference for/against learning formal rules, and
aptitude). It is easy to remember verb conjugations. There is no
single formula.
Finding someone who can correct your errors tactfully and
effectively most certainly does not need to be demotivating,
depressing or draining whatsoever. I'm a very fluent non-native
speaker of Spanish, and I actively request that my native speaker
(NS) friends correct me when I make a mistake, or use a phrase
that sounds funny in their dialect, etc. How else will I learn?
It's fascinating to learn little details like that now after so many
years. As long as they don't do it in a mocking or condescending
way, or at a socially inappropriate time, why wouldn't I want their
help? Of course, if you correct a beginner every time they try to
utter a sentence, it could be discouraging - and obnoxious - but
everything in moderation.
One of the biggest cognitive challenges is whether or not L2
speakers can learn to consciously notice differences between
their L2 efforts and the way a NS talks. There are decades of
research on this (my own included) and I'll gladly give references
if anyone actually cares. Noticing falls into two broad categories.
First, the ability to "notice the gap," i.e. hear a NS say a
sentence and think, "Hmm, I understand what he meant but I've
never heard that word before; it must mean ___" or "I know what
he meant but it would not have occurred to me to say it that
way; I'll try to remember that for later." The second is the ability
to "notice the hole," i.e. when the L2 learner is trying to speak/
write and realizes that his "interlanguage" lacks a word, sound or
structure needed to accurately convey his own thought. If he can
seek the input necessary to fill the hole, he has a much stronger
chance of acquiring it. The thought processes involved during
that moment are holding the forms (or lack thereof) in working
memory, and the longer it stays there for further processing, the
greater the possibility that it is retained in long-term memory for
later use. The NS interlocutor can help promote noticing through
corrective feedback (also a subject of decades of research, for
which I'm also happy to provide resources if anyone is genuinely
interested.)
I have been using a variety of strategies for years as a language
coach when working with my clients, whether helping IT executives
from India and Egypt learn to write more grammatically accurate
e-mail or helping priests from Nigeria improve prosodic aspects
of their pronunciation (i.e. stress and intonation patterns.)
Each person is different. I have found no evidence to support
the argument that a person who has fossilized cannot begin to
make progress again toward a more target-like L2 use at least
in some areas, with the right motivation, input and effort. The
question is only about how much progress, in what areas, in
how much time, and through what methods.
Adapted form: https://www.quora.com/How-do-people-overcome-fossilization-andachieve-native-like-fluency-in-second-language-acquisition
Acesso em 22/09/2023
De acordo com o texto, a fossilização pode ser definida
como um:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
FGV
Órgão:
Câmara dos Deputados
Prova:
FGV - 2023 - Câmara dos Deputados - Câmara dos Deputados - Analista Legislativo - Contador - Manhã |
Q2335046
Inglês
Texto associado
The Future Of Accounting:
How Will Digital Transformation Impact Accountants?
In business, as in life, change is the only true constant. From
mitigating unprecedented business disruptors to adapting to new
operational paradigms, professionals in all industries find
themselves dealing with major changes — many of them driven
by emerging technologies.
Accounting is no exception. The profession has moved far
beyond mere bookkeeping and payroll, and like its partner
procurement, it’s taking an increasingly strategic role for forward-thinking businesses. While some pundits say accounting has a
dim future in the digital world of tomorrow, technologies such as
cloud-based data management, process automation and
advanced analytics are actually poised to further elevate
accountants in new and empowering ways.
As far back as 2015, industry leaders were sounding the death
knell for accountants, convinced emerging technologies —
particularly automation — would end in death by digital for
accountancy as we know it. And as recently as 2019, accountants
surveyed by Robert Half on the impact of automation on their
profession expressed concerns about being replaced, having
fewer opportunities for creative problem-solving and an
overdependence on tech in completing daily tasks.
Yet, the events between then and now, including the Covid-19 pandemic, have instead shown that accountants, like other
professionals, need to worry much more about adaptation than
replacement.
There's no question that digital transformation has radically
changed the playing field. Big data has become a rich resource
that needs to be tapped to compete effectively. But for
businesses ready to leverage the potential of digital tools, this
shift is an opportunity, not a threat.
[…]
Both the skill set and the job description for tomorrow's
accountant will be greatly expanded, while still hewing to the
core competencies of the profession. Supported by technology in
a collaborative setting, accounting teams will be populated with
both dedicated accounting professionals and subject matter
experts from other areas of the business.
Tomorrow's accountants may play an advisory role,
welcoming business intelligence and procurement professionals
and working to chart a strategic sourcing plan. They could
leverage data management tools, including augmented reality, to
humanize and contextualize spend data for the C-suite to make
better decisions based on long-term value rather than return on
investment alone.
With more diverse skill sets and greater technical acumen,
accountants can bring their own expertise to teams in other
business units, providing crucial financial intelligence, refining
budgets or ensuring compliance. […]
As a function, accounting may become less about refining
one's skill set through certifications and more about core
competencies that grow over time, with a focus on lifelong
education and skill development required to take on a complex,
ever-changing business environment.
Automation and other data-driven technologies are poised to
free accountants, not constrain them. Organizations that understand the potential and importance of these technologies
— and invest in the tools and training required to help their
accountants take full advantage — will be ahead of the curve.
Tomorrow's accountants will play a more creative and strategic
role in their companies. As a result, their businesses will not only
enjoy more efficient workflows and reap more useful insights
from their accounting processes, but help strengthen their own
resiliency, agility and competitive footing.
Adapted from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2021/05/19/thefuture-of-accounting-how-will-digital-transformation-impactaccountants/?sh=343b437853fb
Accountants with “greater technical acumen” (7th paragraph) are
considered to be
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