Questões de Concurso Comentadas sobre análise sintática | syntax parsing em inglês

Foram encontradas 408 questões

Q3628175 Inglês
Balanced diet

    Keeping a balanced diet is essential for maintaining good health and well-being. It means consuming a variety of foods that provide your body with the right nutrients it needs to function properly. So, what does a balanced diet look like?
    Fruits and Vegetables: Start by fi lling half your plate with fruits and vegetables. These foods are rich in vitamins, minerals, and fi ber. They help you stay healthy and provide essential nutrients.
    Proteins: Include lean proteins like chicken, fi sh, beans, and tofu in your diet. Proteins are important for building and repairing tissues in your body.
    Whole Grains: Opt for whole grains like brown rice, whole wheat bread, and oatmeal. They provide energy and fi ber, keeping you full and satisfi ed.
    Dairy or Alternatives: Dairy products like milk, yogurt, and cheese are excellent sources of calcium. If you’re lactose intolerant or prefer plant-based options, try fortifi ed non-dairy alternatives like almond milk. 
    Healthy Fats: Don’t be afraid of fats; just choose healthy ones like avocados, nuts, and olive oil. These fats are essential for brain and heart health. Limit Sugars and Salt: Try to reduce your intake of sugary drinks, sweets, and high-sodium foods. Too much of these can harm your health.
    Hydration: Drink plenty of water throughout the day. It helps with digestion, keeps you hydrated, and supports overall health.
    Portion Control: Pay attention to portion sizes. Eating the right amount of food helps maintain a healthy weight.
    Remember, a balanced diet isn’t about perfection; it’s about making good choices most of the time. So, try to incorporate a variety of foods into your meals, and don’t forget to enjoy your food. A balanced diet is not only good for your body but also for your taste buds! 

(https://www.maxhealthcare.in/blogs/what-is-abalanced-diet)
Acessadado em: 20 de agosto de 2025
A alternativa em que a palavra destacada recebe corretamente a classifi cação ao lado é: 
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Q3565889 Inglês

Read the following text to answer question


his paper presents the concept of task as the location for learning a foreign language (FL), a space for creation in and with the target language, with the tasks utilized simulating as closely as possible the situations which the students will encounter outside the classroom and which, moreover, emphasize meaning. Throughout the paper, the theory of the use of tasks for the teaching/learning of a FL present in the literature will be discussed, and an approach which is based on the utilization of tasks as the backbone for the planning of course is presented. In addition to emphasizing meaning, the tasks analyzed take a relatively long time to complete, i.e. they last more than a single class. Thus, the input can be remembered and re-worked as it reappears in different ways, thus making it possible for learning to be more long-lasting and significant.


 (José Carlos Paes de Almeida Filho e Rita Barbirato. 
 Ambientes comunicativos para aprender línguas estrangeiras,
 2000. Adaptado)

In the extract from the text “the concept of task as the location for learning a foreign language (FL), a space for creation in and with the target language, with the tasks utilized simulating as closely as possible the situations which the students will encounter outside the classroom”, the word in bold introduces a clause that modifies
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Q3553781 Inglês
Which of the following sentences contains a misplaced modifier?  
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Q3531514 Inglês
Texto para a questão


    Extraterrestrial tongues


     The challenge of imagining alien communication is highlighted in the film Arrival (2016), where linguists confront a language strikingly different from any on Earth. While fictional alien languages like Klingon (Star Trek) often resemble human languages with variations in sound or syntax, the possibilities for extraterrestrial tongues are far more diverse. To truly grasp the potential for alien linguistic systems, we must consider the fundamental components of language itself: signs, structure, semantics, and pragmatics.

     The first level, signs, encompasses the means of expression, which could extend beyond spoken words and written symbols to include gestures, smells (as in animal communication), or even electrical impulses. Structure, the second level, involves the organization of language, including grammar and syntax. While we might initially assume alien languages would share structural similarities with our own, they could radically differ, potentially lacking familiar elements like nouns or verbs, or employing entirely novel grammatical categories, perhaps akin to the way maps convey information.

    Semantics, the third level, deals with meaning. Here, the problem of untranslatability arises. While some differences in meaning between human languages exist (e.g., the German word "Fernweh"), alien languages might present more fundamental challenges. If aliens perceive and categorize the world in fundamentally different ways, their language might express concepts we struggle to even grasp.

    Despite these obstacles, communication may still be possible. Shared needs, such as describing the world or giving commands, could provide a basis for finding points of connection between alien and human languages. Pragmatics, the fourth level, concerns how language is used in context, including metaphors and social conventions. Differences at this level, particularly when combined with semantic differences, as illustrated by the Tamarian language in Star Trek: The Next Generation, can further complicate understanding.

    Ultimately, contemplating the possibilities of alien communication pushes us to expand our understanding of language itself. It encourages us to move beyond our "anthropocentric bubble" and consider that alien languages might possess levels or structures we haven't yet imagined, potentially transforming our perspectives on consciousness, intelligence, and what it means to communicate.


Aeon, April 9th, 2025,(Adaptado)
"The first level, signs, encompasses the means of expression."

Em relação ao texto apresentado, qual das seguintes reestruturações desse trecho mantém o sentido original, manifesta ênfase semelhante e é gramaticalmente correta?
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Q3529918 Inglês
Read the suggestion of an activity to answer question.

        As part of a joint project between language and science with focus on the human body, a way for the language teacher to start working with vocabulary is to ask learners to work on words related to that topic (for example, one of the systems in the human body), brainstorming the following aspects:

•  words which are special to your subject (ex. the human body systems).

•  words which ‘collocate with’ (or often accompany) your main theme (ex. The respiratory system).

•  everyday words which are used in your subject and may have different meanings in other contexts (ex. tissue).

        Once learners have come up with some suggestions, the teacher can ask them to share their contributions with other learners in the class, and complement their own notes.

(Based on DALE, Liz; TANNER, Rosie. Cambridge: Cambridge University, 2012)
The nucleus of the noun phrase “a joint project between language and science with focus on the human body” found in the first paragraph is
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Q3529908 Inglês
Among the following sentences, the one which presents syntactic ambiguity, allowing more than one possible interpretation, is
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Q3529895 Inglês
A noun phrase is a group of words that functions like a noun in a sentence. It consists of a noun and its modifiers, which can be words or groups of words that describe the noun. Adjective clauses and adjective phrases may modify the noun and help readers by providing more information about nouns and pronouns in a sentence. In the following alternatives, the expression in bold that corresponds to an adjective clause is found in
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Q3529888 Inglês

Read the text and answer question.


        Education in a language which is not the first language of the learner is as old as education itself. As individuals from different language groups have lived together, some have been educated in an additional language. This is as true of Ancient Rome as it is of the increasingly multilingual societies being created through mobility and globalization in the 21th century.


        Two thousand years ago, provision of an educational curriculum in an additional language happened as the Roman Empire expanded and absorbed Greek territory, language and culture. Families in Rome educated their children in Greek to ensure that they would have access to not only the language, but also the social and professional opportunities it would provide for them in their future lives, including living in Greek-speaking educational communities. This historical experience has been replicated across the world through the centuries, and is now particularly true of the global uptake of English language learning.


        Researchers and educators have sought new practices in education that will suit the demands of the present day. Globalization and the forces of economic and social convergence have had a significant impact on who learns which language, at what stage in their development, and in which way. The driving forces for language learning differ according to country and region, but they share the objective of wanting to achieve the best possible results in the shortest time. This need has often dovetailed with the need to adapt content-teaching methodologies so as to raise overall levels of proficiency.


(COYLE, Do; HOOD, Philip; MARSH, David. 2010. Adaptado) 

From the items in bold in the third paragraph, identify the one which functions as a noun in the context.
Globalization and the forces of economic and social convergence have had a significant impact on who learns which language, at what stage in their development, and in which way. The driving forces for language learning differ according to country and region, but they share the objective of wanting to achieve the best possible results in the shortest time. This need has often dovetailed with the need to adapt content-teaching methodologies so as to raise overall levels of proficiency.
Alternativas
Q3529887 Inglês

Read the text and answer question.


        Education in a language which is not the first language of the learner is as old as education itself. As individuals from different language groups have lived together, some have been educated in an additional language. This is as true of Ancient Rome as it is of the increasingly multilingual societies being created through mobility and globalization in the 21th century.


        Two thousand years ago, provision of an educational curriculum in an additional language happened as the Roman Empire expanded and absorbed Greek territory, language and culture. Families in Rome educated their children in Greek to ensure that they would have access to not only the language, but also the social and professional opportunities it would provide for them in their future lives, including living in Greek-speaking educational communities. This historical experience has been replicated across the world through the centuries, and is now particularly true of the global uptake of English language learning.


        Researchers and educators have sought new practices in education that will suit the demands of the present day. Globalization and the forces of economic and social convergence have had a significant impact on who learns which language, at what stage in their development, and in which way. The driving forces for language learning differ according to country and region, but they share the objective of wanting to achieve the best possible results in the shortest time. This need has often dovetailed with the need to adapt content-teaching methodologies so as to raise overall levels of proficiency.


(COYLE, Do; HOOD, Philip; MARSH, David. 2010. Adaptado) 

The excerpt from the second paragraph “they would have access to not only the language, but also the social and professional opportunities” displays the use of paired conjunctions. The example with an appropriate use of paired conjunctions in a grammatically correct sentence is found in
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Q3529171 Inglês
Read the text to answer question:


    Today, many of the pedagogical springs and rivers of the last few decades are appropriately captured in the term Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), now a catch phrase for language teachers. CLT is an eclectic blend of the contributions of previous methods into the best of what a teacher can provide in authentic uses of the second language in the classroom. Indeed, the single greatest challenge in the profession is to move significantly beyond the teaching of rules, patterns, definitions, and other knowledge “about” language to the point that we are teaching our students to communicate genuinely, spontaneously, and meaningfully in the second language. 


    A significant difference between current language teaching practices and those of, say, a half a century ago, is the absence of proclaimed “orthodoxies” and “best” methods. We are well aware that methods, as they were conceived of 40 or 50 years ago or so, are too narrow and too constrictive to apply to a wide range of learners in an enormous number of situational contexts. There are no instant recipes. No quick and easy method is guaranteed to provide success. As Bell (2003), Brown (2001), Kumaravadivelu (2001), and others have appropriately shown, pedagogical trends in language teaching now spur us to develop a principled basis—sometimes called an approach (Richards & Rodgers, 2001)—upon which teachers can choose particular designs and techniques for teaching a foreign language in a specific context. Every learner is unique. Every teacher is unique. Every learner-teacher relationship is unique, and every context is unique. Your task as a teacher is to understand the properties of those relationships and contexts.


(BROWN, H. Douglas. Principles of language learning and teaching. 5. ed. Londres: Longman, 2006)


A noun phrase is a structure composed of a noun and its modifiers. In the following noun phrase taken from the second paragraph of the text “a wide range of learners in an enormous number of situational contexts”, the nucleus of the noun phrase – the noun being modified by the other elements, is found in
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Q3529163 Inglês
Read the text to answer question:


    In foreign language education, the teaching of culture remains a hotly debated issue. What is culture? What is its relation to language? Which and whose culture should be taught? What role should the learners’ culture play in the acquisition of knowledge of the target culture? How can we avoid essentializing cultures and teaching stereotypes? And how can we develop in the learners an intercultural competence that would shortchange neither their own culture nor the target culture, but would make them into cultural mediators in a globalized world? This paper explores these issues from the perspective of the large body of research done in Australia, Europe and the U.S. in the last twenty years. It links the study of culture to the study of discourse (see, e.g., Kramsch 1993, 1998, 2004) and to the concept of translingual and transcultural competence proposed by the Modern Language Association (e.g., Kramsch, 2010). Special attention will be given to the unique role that the age-old Persian culture can play in fostering the cultural mediators of tomorrow.


(KRAMASCH, Claire. Cultura no ensino de língua estrangeira. Bakhtiniana: Revista de Estudos do Discurso, São Paulo, LAEL/PUC-SP, v. 19, n. 4, 2024)
No trecho “This paper explores these issues from the perspective of the large body of research done in Australia, Europe and the U.S. in the last twenty years.”, qual análise gramatical está correta sobre a construção “done in Australia, Europe and the U.S.”?
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Q3529162 Inglês
Read the text to answer question:


    In foreign language education, the teaching of culture remains a hotly debated issue. What is culture? What is its relation to language? Which and whose culture should be taught? What role should the learners’ culture play in the acquisition of knowledge of the target culture? How can we avoid essentializing cultures and teaching stereotypes? And how can we develop in the learners an intercultural competence that would shortchange neither their own culture nor the target culture, but would make them into cultural mediators in a globalized world? This paper explores these issues from the perspective of the large body of research done in Australia, Europe and the U.S. in the last twenty years. It links the study of culture to the study of discourse (see, e.g., Kramsch 1993, 1998, 2004) and to the concept of translingual and transcultural competence proposed by the Modern Language Association (e.g., Kramsch, 2010). Special attention will be given to the unique role that the age-old Persian culture can play in fostering the cultural mediators of tomorrow.


(KRAMASCH, Claire. Cultura no ensino de língua estrangeira. Bakhtiniana: Revista de Estudos do Discurso, São Paulo, LAEL/PUC-SP, v. 19, n. 4, 2024)
No trecho “How can we develop in the learners an intercultural competence that would shortchange neither their own culture nor the target culture…”, há uso de estrutura paralela, a qual tem regras específicas.

Nas sentenças a seguir, o exemplo de estrutura paralela usada corretamente é encontrado em:
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Q3524695 Inglês
Read the text to answer question.


Different times, different methods


    Current teaching practice is the direct result of the acquisition-versus-learning debate. Also, both abstract theory and practical techniques have been discussed, have gone in and out of fashion, and have influenced what was and is included in classrooms and teaching materials.

    In the 1990s, for example, there was considerable discussion about the Lexical Approach. In the 1970s, methods such as the Silent Way were advocated, and although they may not be used much any more – certainly not as they were originally envisaged – still some of the techniques they included have been incorporated into modern teaching practice.

    Amongst the plethora of ideas and techniques which have been offered over the years, some trends have had, and continue to have a significant impact on how languages are taught today.


(HARMER, J. 1998. Adaptado.)
O trecho retirado do terceiro parágrafo “a significant impact on how languages are taught today” é um sintagma nominal. Seu núcleo é
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Q3524660 Inglês
   Implied in any consideration of the role of styles and strategies in learning a second language are three linked concepts: autonomy, awareness, and action. These three “As” of learner development have taken on significance in recent years, especially with increasing pedagogical emphasis on learner-centered language teaching (Wenden,2002). A review of the history of language teaching will reveal some interesting “changing winds and shifting sands”. One way of looking at this history is to consider the extent to which methodological trends have emphasized the respective roles of the teacher and the learner. Until some of the “designer” methods appeared in the 1970s, most of language teaching methodology was teacher centered. Students entered a classroom, sat down dutifully in their desks, and waited for the teacher to tell them what to do. Those directives might have been to translate a passage, to memorize a rule, or to repeat a dialogue. Then, the profession seemed to discover the value of learner autonomy in the form of allowing learners to do things like initiate oral production, solve problems in small groups, practice language forms in pairs, and practice using the language outside of the classroom.

   The literature on the topic raises some caution flags, though. Schmenk (2005) appropriately described the nonuniversality of the concept of autonomy, and Pennycook (1994) warned us about the potential cultural imperialism involved in assuming every culture equally values and promotes autonomy, especially in educational institutions. For language teaching in sub-Saharan Africa, Sonaiya (2002, p. 106) questioned “the global validity of the so-called autonomous method of language learning ... which has obvious origins in European and North American traditions of individualism.” However, some recent studies are more encouraging, underscoring the need for teachers to be sensitive to the cultural background of students.


(HARMER, Jeremy. 1998. How to teach English. Adaptado)
Dos trechos retirados do texto, aquele em que a palavra em negrito assume o papel de substantivo no contexto é
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Q3524657 Inglês
   Technology has always been at the forefront of human education. From the days of carving figures on rock walls to today, when most students are equipped with several portable technological devices at any given time, technology continues to push educational capabilities to new levels. In looking at where educational methods and tools have come from to where they are going in the future, technology’s importance in the classroom is evident now more than ever.

   In the Colonial years, wooden paddles with printed lessons, called Horn-Books, were used to assist students in learning verses. Over 200 years later, in 1870, technology advanced to include the Magic Lantern, a primitive version of a slide projector that projected images printed on glass plates. By the time World War I ended, around 8000 lantern slides were circulating through the Chicago public school system. By the time the Chalkboard came around in 1890, followed by the pencil in 1900, it was clear that students were hungry for more advanced educational tools.

   Examples of these are: in the 1920s, radio sparked an entirely new wave of learning; on-air classes began popping up for any student within listening range. Next came the overhead projector in 1930, followed by the ballpoint pen in 1940 and headphones in 1950. Videotapes arrived on the scene in 1951, creating a new and exciting method of instruction.

   The pre-computer years were formative in the choices made for computers in the years following. Immediate response-type systems (video, calculator, Scantron) had become necessary, and quick production of teaching materials, using the photocopier, had become a standard. Teachers needed new methods of instruction and testing, and students were looking for new ways to communicate, study, and learn.

   Although the first computers were developed in the ‘30s, everyday use computers were introduced in the ‘80s. When IBM introduced its first personal computer in 1981, the educational world knew that it was on the verge of greatness. The foundation of immediate learning capabilities had been laid. Time magazine declared, “it is the end result of a technological revolution that has been in the making for four decades and is now, quite literally, hitting home.”


(https://education.purdue.edu/. Adaptado)
Select the highlighted adjective clause that can be reduced to an adjective phrase. 
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Q3524651 Inglês
   Technology has always been at the forefront of human education. From the days of carving figures on rock walls to today, when most students are equipped with several portable technological devices at any given time, technology continues to push educational capabilities to new levels. In looking at where educational methods and tools have come from to where they are going in the future, technology’s importance in the classroom is evident now more than ever.

   In the Colonial years, wooden paddles with printed lessons, called Horn-Books, were used to assist students in learning verses. Over 200 years later, in 1870, technology advanced to include the Magic Lantern, a primitive version of a slide projector that projected images printed on glass plates. By the time World War I ended, around 8000 lantern slides were circulating through the Chicago public school system. By the time the Chalkboard came around in 1890, followed by the pencil in 1900, it was clear that students were hungry for more advanced educational tools.

   Examples of these are: in the 1920s, radio sparked an entirely new wave of learning; on-air classes began popping up for any student within listening range. Next came the overhead projector in 1930, followed by the ballpoint pen in 1940 and headphones in 1950. Videotapes arrived on the scene in 1951, creating a new and exciting method of instruction.

   The pre-computer years were formative in the choices made for computers in the years following. Immediate response-type systems (video, calculator, Scantron) had become necessary, and quick production of teaching materials, using the photocopier, had become a standard. Teachers needed new methods of instruction and testing, and students were looking for new ways to communicate, study, and learn.

   Although the first computers were developed in the ‘30s, everyday use computers were introduced in the ‘80s. When IBM introduced its first personal computer in 1981, the educational world knew that it was on the verge of greatness. The foundation of immediate learning capabilities had been laid. Time magazine declared, “it is the end result of a technological revolution that has been in the making for four decades and is now, quite literally, hitting home.”


(https://education.purdue.edu/. Adaptado)
The excerpt from the first paragraph “technology’s importance in the classroom” is a noun phrase – a noun and its modifiers and determiners. The nucleus of this noun phrase is: 
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Q3510313 Inglês
Which of the following sentences contains a subject-verb agreement error? 
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Q3506783 Inglês
The line "They'll learn much more than I'll ever know" is an example of the following grammatical structure:
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Q3502700 Inglês
Choose the alternative that presents a subordinating conjunction.
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Q3492028 Inglês
O texto III refere-se à questão.


TEXTO III - How the Minnesota Shootings Suspect Was Caught12


   After an intense two-day manhunt, Minnesota police captured Vance Boelter, 57, the suspect accused of shooting two state lawmakers and their spouses. The arrest took place on Sunday evening in a rural field near Minneapolis. Despite being armed at the time, Mr. Boelter was taken into custody without the use of force, according to official reports.

   The case began early Saturday morning when police responded to a shooting at the home of State Senator John Hoffman. Concerned that the suspect might target other political figures, officers quickly went to the residence of Representative Melissa Hortman. Upon their arrival, Mr. Boelter opened fire on them before escaping on foot through a golf course located behind the house. This incident marked the beginning of what authorities called the largest manhunt in Minnesota's history.

   Throughout the weekend, more than 100 officers and nearly 20 SWAT teams were deployed across Sibley County, a largely rural area southwest of Minneapolis. Law enforcement agencies worked together, setting up a temporary command center in a nearby parking lot to coordinate search operations.

   The breakthrough in the search came on Sunday afternoon when officers discovered Mr. Boelter’s car and hat abandoned on a remote stretch of road. This discovery significantly narrowed the search area. Later, an officer reported seeing someone, believed to be the suspect, running into a wooded area nearby.

   Further confirmation came when a local resident provided footage from a trail camera installed on private property. The image captured on the camera showed a person matching Mr. Boelter’s description. Acting on this evidence, police established a one-square-mile perimeter, deploying drones and police dogs to assist in tracking the suspect’s movements.

   Using aerial surveillance, officers spotted Mr. Boelter crawling through thick shrubs. Drones tracked him from above, allowing SWAT teams to converge on his location without engaging in a violent confrontation. Authorities emphasized that despite the suspect being armed, the arrest was made peacefully and without incident.

  Following the capture, a photo was released showing Mr. Boelter standing in the field where he was apprehended. The image was edited to obscure the faces of the arresting officers for privacy and security reasons. At the command center, law enforcement officials celebrated the successful end to the operation.

  Investigators later praised the rapid response and coordination among different police departments. Officials noted that the quick decision by Brooklyn Park officers to check Representative Hortman’s home shortly after the first shooting may have prevented further violence and shortened the duration of the manhunt.


1 Fonte: https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/16/us/minnesota-shooting-suspect-caught-how.html

Acesso em: 16 de junho de 2025

2 (Adapted from: "How the Minnesota Shootings Suspect Was Caught", The New York Times, June 16, 2025)
Which sentence contains a clear example of a direct object following the verb?
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Respostas
121: D
122: C
123: A
124: A
125: E
126: A
127: D
128: E
129: A
130: D
131: D
132: C
133: A
134: C
135: E
136: D
137: B
138: A
139: B
140: A